Metamodels of information technology best practices frameworks

This article deals with the generation and application of ontological metamodels of frameworks of best practices in IT. The ontological metamodels represent the logical structures and fundamental semantics of framework models and constitute adequate tools for the analysis, adaptation, comparison and integration of the frameworks of best practices in IT. The MetaFrame methodology for the construction of the metamodels, founded on the discipline of the conceptual metamodelling and on the extended Entity/Relationship methodology is described herein, as well as the metamodels of the best practices for the outsourcing of IT, the eSCM-SP v2.01 (eSourcing Capability Model for Service Providers) and the eSCM-CL v1.1 (eSourcing Capability Model for Client Organizations), constructed according to the MetaFrame methodology

Metamodel of the it governance framework COBIT

This paper addresses the generation and analysis of the COBIT 4.1 ontological metamodel of IT Governance framework. The ontological metamodels represent the logical structures and fundamental semantics of framework models and constitute adequate tools for the analysis, adaptation, comparison and integration of IT best practice frameworks. The MetaFrame methodology used for the construction of the COBIT metamodel is based on the discipline of conceptual metamodeling and on the extended Entity/Relationship methodology. It has an iterative process of construction of the metamodel’s components, using techniques of modeling and documentation of information systems. In the COBIT 4.1metamodel, the central entity type is the IT Process. The entity type of IT Domain represents the four domains that group one or more IT processes of the COBIT 4.1. In turn, these domains are divided into one or more Activities that are carried through by one or more Roles which are consulted, informed, accounted for or liable for each Activity. The COBIT 4.1 metamodel may suggest adaptation or implementation of a new process within the framework or even contribute to the integration of frameworks, when, after the processes of analysis and comparison, there are connection points between the components and the logical structures of its relationships.Este artigo aborda a geração e análise do metamodelo ontológico do framework COBIT de Governança de TI. Os metamodelos ontológicos representam, a partir de um nível superior de abstração, os componentes conceituais e a rica estrutura lógica e semântica dos relacionamentos dos frameworks de melhores práticas de TI, bem como possibilitam a análise, adaptação, comparação, integração e fusão de frameworks . Utilizou-se, na criação do metamodelo, a metodologia MetaFrame, fundamentada na disciplina de metamodelagem conceitual e na metodologia Entidade/Relacionamento estendida, que possui um processo iterativo de construção dos componentes do metamodelo, utilizando técnicas de modelagem e documentação de sistemas de informação, fazendo a verificação dos resultados baseada em critérios de qualidade. No metamodelo do COBIT 4.1 obtido, o tipo entidade central é o Processo de TI, o tipo entidade Domínio de TI representa os quatro domínios que agrupam um ou mais processos de TI do COBIT 4.1 que, por sua vez, estão divididos em uma ou mais Atividades, que são realizadas por um Papel ou mais, que são consultados, informados, prestam contas, ou se responsabilizam por cada Atividade. Como aplicação, o metamodelo do COBIT 4.1 poderá sugerir a adaptação ou implementação de um novo processo dentro do framework ou mesmo contribuir para a integração de frameworks , quando, após os processos de análise e comparação, encontram-se os pontos de conexão entre os componentes e as estruturas lógicas dos seus relacionamentos

IMPACTOS DO TREINAMENTO INTERVALADO DE ALTA INTENSIDADE DE CURTA E LONGA DURAÇÃO EM ADULTOS JOVENS

INTRODUÇÃO: O treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade é caracterizado por períodos curtos de exercícios muito intensos, e ainda há poucas evidências que determinem diferenças nos resultados obtidos com os diferentes tempos de duração desse tipo de treinamento. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade de curta e longa duração em adultos jovens. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico controlado com 44 universitários, que foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo 1 (controle), Grupo 2 (curta duração) e Grupo 3 (longa duração), sendo que os grupos 2 e 3 realizaram quatro minutos de exercícios com 8 séries de 20 segundos e diferenciando-se apenas nas pausas de 10 segundos (passiva) e 90 segundos (ativa/corrida). Foram realizados testes para avaliar a capacidade aeróbia e o volume máximo de oxigênio estimado (VO2máx) e resistência muscular de flexão de braços e abdominal, além de testes de composição corporal e coletas de sangue para análise do perfil lipídico, tanto no basal quanto ao final do estudo. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos quanto as variáveis composição corporal, flexão de braços, flexão abdominal e VO2máx estimado. Entretanto, houve maior distância percorrida pelo grupo 3 no teste de Cooper (Teste de Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0,04). CONCLUSÕES: Os treinamentos intervalados de alta intensidade de curta e longa duração proporcionaram melhor performance dos participantes no Teste de Cooper. Esse achado suscita a importância desta estratégia de treinamento para melhorar a resistência aeróbica de adultos jovens

Anesthesia of Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) with Dextroketamine and Midazolam

 Background: Research has increasingly focused on wild animals, and this requires the use of chemical restraints that are safe for both the species and the team involved. Dextroketamine is the levorotatory ketamine isomer that has been used on domestic species as an alternative that is more potent and safer than the racemic form. Midazolam is a benzodiazepine that induces muscle relaxation and minimal cardiorespiratory changes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a combination of dextroketamine and midazolam can be safely used for the chemical restraint of agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha), and the effects of this protocol on physiological and anesthetic parameters. Materials, Methods & Results: This study was carried out under conditions similar to those found for wild animals in captivity or in zoos. A pre-evaluation was also made to compare the baseline values of this study with those of other studies on the same species. Nine healthy adult agoutis were used, weighing between 1.5 kg and 2 kg. All the parameters were evaluated and recorded before the drugs were applied, and this was considered the baseline moment (M0). The dextroketamine and midazolam combination was then administered intramuscularly, in the same syringe, in dosages of 15 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. Successive evaluations were made every 10 min over a period of 40 min (M10, M20, M30 and M40). The latency stage of anesthesia, effective stage and recovery stage were observed. Heart rate (HR) and breathing frequency (f), body temperature (BT), systolic blood pressure (SBP), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and electrocardiogram were recorded. HR and SBP showed no significant difference between moments. Breathing frequency (f) showed a significant decline at M10 and M20 when compared to baseline values (P < 0.05). BT decreased from the moment the drugs were administered until the end of the experimental period, with a significant difference between M0 and M40, and M10 and M40 (P < 0.05). SpO2 decreased significantly at M10 and M20 when compared to baseline values (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the duration and amplitude of the P wave or in the duration of the QRS complex, QT interval and amplitude of the R wave. Regarding the PR interval, there was a significant difference only at M40 when compared to baseline values (P < 0.05). No arrhythmia was observed. An evaluation of the effects of anesthesia indicated that the animals had an average latency stage of 2 min, an effective stage of 87 min, and an average recovery stage of 111 min. Adverse effects observed during the anesthetic recovery period consisted of tearing, salivation, tongue protrusion, vocalization and chewing reflex. Discussion: The results indicated that the association of anesthetic drugs under study caused minimal changes in the animals’ physiological parameters, except for the breathing frequency (f), which declined considerably, resulting in a reduction in SpO2, which was compensated during the study. In addition, there was a rapid onset of restraint and a satisfactory duration. Thus, from the cardiorespiratory standpoint, the combination of dextroketamine and midazolam in the doses used provides a safe anesthetic protocol for agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) and can be used for the chemical restraint of these animals for the performance of non-invasive and short-term procedures

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure &lt;= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Metamodels of information technology best practices frameworks

This article deals with the generation and application of ontological metamodels of frameworks of best practices in IT. The ontological metamodels represent the logical structures and fundamental semantics of framework models and constitute adequate tools for the analysis, adaptation, comparison and integration of the frameworks of best practices in IT. The MetaFrame methodology for the construction of the metamodels, founded on the discipline of the conceptual metamodelling and on the extended Entity/Relationship methodology is described herein, as well as the metamodels of the best practices for the outsourcing of IT, the eSCM-SP v2.01 (eSourcing Capability Model for Service Providers) and the eSCM-CL v1.1 (eSourcing Capability Model for Client Organizations), constructed according to the MetaFrame methodology

Metamodelo do Framework cobit de governança de TI

This paper addresses the generation and analysis of the COBIT 4.1 ontological metamodel of IT Governance framework. The ontological metamodels represent the logical structures and fundamental semantics of framework models and constitute adequate tools for the analysis, adaptation, comparison and integration of IT best practice frameworks. The MetaFrame methodology used for the construction of the COBIT metamodel is based on the discipline of conceptual metamodeling and on the extended Entity/Relationship methodology. It has an iterative process of construction of the metamodel’s components, using techniques of modeling and documentation of information systems. In the COBIT 4.1metamodel, the central entity type is the IT Process. The entity type of IT Domain represents the four domains that group one or more IT processes of the COBIT 4.1. In turn, these domains are divided into one or more Activities that are carried through by one or more Roles which are consulted, informed, accounted for or liable for each Activity. The COBIT 4.1 metamodel may suggest adaptation or implementation of a new process within the framework or even contribute to the integration of frameworks, when, after the processes of analysis and comparison, there are connection points between the components and the logical structures of its relationships.Este artigo aborda a geração e análise do metamodelo ontológico do framework COBIT de Governança de TI. Os metamodelos ontológicos representam, a partir de um nível superior de abstração, os componentes conceituais e a rica estrutura lógica e semântica dos relacionamentos dos frameworks de melhores práticas de TI, bem como possibilitam a análise, adaptação, comparação, integração e fusão de frameworks. Utilizou-se, na criação do metamodelo, a metodologia MetaFrame, fundamentada na disciplina de metamodelagem conceitual e na metodologia Entidade/Relacionamento estendida, que possui um processo iterativo de construção dos componentes do metamodelo, utilizando técnicas de modelagem e documentação de sistemas de informação, fazendo a verificação dos resultados baseada em critérios de qualidade. No metamodelo do COBIT 4.1 obtido, o tipo entidade central é o Processo de TI, o tipo entidade Domínio de TI representa os quatro domínios que agrupam um ou mais processos de TI do COBIT 4.1 que, por sua vez, estão divididos em uma ou mais Atividades, que são realizadas por um Papel ou mais, que são consultados, informados, prestam contas, ou se responsabilizam por cada Atividade. Como aplicação, o metamodelo do COBIT 4.1 poderá sugerir a adaptação ou implementação de um novo processo dentro do framework ou mesmo contribuir para a integração de frameworks, quando, após os processos de análise e comparação, encontram-se os pontos de conexão entre os componentes e as estruturas lógicas dos seus relacionamentos